Ni agace kugarijwe n’umutekano muke ariko ku ruhande rwa Guverinoma ya Congo, byakomeje gusa nk’aho umutekano ubangamiwe gusa n’umutwe wa M23 icyo gihugu kivuga ko ufashwa n’u Rwanda, nubwo rubyamaganira kure.

Imyinshi muri iyo mitwe yakunze gushingwa mu buryo bufatwa nko kwirwanaho ku baturage bashinja Leta kunanirwa kubacungira umutekano, hakaba n’indi myinshi ishingwa mu nyungu bwite z’abantu ari na yo ikora ubwicanyi n’ubundi bugizi bwa nabi ndengakamere.

Nubwo iyi mitwe imaze imyaka myinshi, magingo aya hari indi mishya ishingwa. Iza isanga indi imaze kumenyerwa nka za Mai Mai zigenda zibusanya amazina, Alliance des patriotes pour un Congo libre et souverain (APCLS), Coalition des mouvements pour le changement (CMC/FDP), Nduma défense du Congo-Rénové (NDC-R) n’indi myinshi.

Shishikara

Uyu mutwe washinzwe mu mwaka ushize, kugeza ubu ntabwo umuyobozi wawo azwi mu buryo bw’umwihariko ariko ni umwe mu yakomeje kwica abantu urw’agashiyaguro muri teritwari ya Masisi, mu Ntara ya Kivu y’Amajyaruguru.

Uyu mutwe uheruka kwica abantu 10 ndetse wigabije amatungo y’abantu benshi muri ako gace.

Ni umutwe wuririye ku muco wo kudahana n’intege nke z’ubuyobozi, ujujubya abaturage mu bice bya Boabo no mu gace kamwe muri Banyungu.

Nk’uko Radio Okapi yabitangaje ku wa 7 Mutarama 2023, umuhuzabikorwa w’imiryango itari iya Leta muri Masisi, Télésphore Mitondeke, yemeje ko “twamenyesheje inzego z’ubuyobozi bireba za gisivili na gisirikare ku bikorwa by’aba barwanyi ariko ntacyo byatanze.”

Icyo gihe Umuvugizi w’Ibikorwa bya gisirikare muri Kivu y’Amajyaruguru, Lieutenant-colonel Guillaume Ndjike Kaiko, yavuze ko “atazi iby’uwo mutwe mushya.”

Mapi

Uyu mutwe mushya wiswe “MAPI” uheruka gushingwa mu Ntara ya Ituri.

Guverineri wa Gisirikare wa Ituri, Lieutenant général Luboya N’kashama Jhony, aheruka kwamagana ishingwa ry’uyu mutwe, mu kiganiro yagiriye mu mujyi wa Bunia ku wa 5 Mutarama.

Yashimangiye ko mu gihe ingabo za RDC ziba zigerageza kugarura amahoro, hari abandi baba bashishikajwe no kuyahungabanya.

Ni imitwe ifite imikorere irimo urujijo haba mu buryo ibonamo ibikoresho bya gisirikare yifashisha nk’intwaro cyangwa amafaraga atuma ibasha gukora ibyo byose.

Ibyo byose nyamara byabaye mu gihe Ituri yari mu bihe bidasanzwe, ku buryo ubuyobozi bwa gisivile bwasimbujwe ubwa gisirikare byitwa ko bagiye kugarura umutekano, ariko ibintu bikomeza kuba bimwe.

Ku rundi ruhande, amakuru yakomeje kwemeza ko iyi mitwe ishingwa n’abarimo abayobozi mu nzego za leta cyangwa abasirikare bagamije kuyikoresha mu nyungu zabwo bwite zirimo ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro bukorwa mu buryo butemewe.

Ihuriro rya Nyatura

Mu buryo bwo gukomeza guteza umutekano muke, imitwe 15 igendera ku izina rya Nyatura yishyize hamwe mu bice bya Masisi na Rutshuru, irimo Nyatura John Love na Nyatura Domi, yitwa ko iharanira inyugu z’Abahutu.

Nyatura bisobanura nko “gutsibura cyane” mu Kinyarwanda, yatangiye kuvugwa ahagana mu 2010 ariko hakomeje kugenda havuka za Nyatura nyinshi.

Amakuru ahamya ko izi Nyatura zikorana na FARDC mu kurwanya M23 n’indi mitwe yashinzwe ngo irwane ku Batutsi.

Nyatura John Love yashinzwe mu 2016 na Muhawenimana Bunombe, uzwi nka John Love, umunye-Congo wo mu bwoko bw’Abahutu.

Yakoranye na FDLR ari naho yatorejwe, aza kuyivamo ashinga umutwe we muri Rutshuru.

Ku rundi ruhande, Nyatura Domi cyangwa Nyatura-FPC iyoborwa na Dominique Ndaruhutse uzwi nka Domi– yashinzwe hagati ya 2013 na 2014 nyuma yo gushwana kwa Nyatura ziyobowe na Muchoma na Bapfakururimi.

Nyatura John Love na Nyatura Domi kandi ni abanyamuryango ba Collectif des Mouvements pour le Changement (CMC), ihuriro rikorana bya hafi na FDLR.

Izindi Nyatura zirimo Nyatura Benjamin, Nyatura Niyonzimana, Nyatura Kasongo, Nyatura Jean-Marie, Nyatura Kavumbi, Nyatura Kigingi, Nyatura Bavakure, Nyatura Delta, Nyatura Gatuza, Nyatura Nzayi, Nyatura Mahanga, Nyatura Kalume na Nyatura Bizagwira.

Buri Nyatura ihabwa izina hashingiwe ku ry’umuyobozi wayo.

Imibare y’abicwa ikomeza kwiyongera

Mu gihe iyi mitwe ikomeza kwiyongera, ni ko muri RDC hakomeje gucura imiborogo kubera ibikorwa byayo.

Kuri iki Cyumweru, muri RDC igisasu cyaturikanye abantu bari mu rusengero rwa 8e CEPAC muri komini Kasindi-Lubirigha, mu mujyi wa Beni mu Ntara ya Kivu y’Amajyaruguru, gihitana abantu 17.

Ni igitero cyagabwe mu gace kari hafi ya Uganda, cyitiriwe umutwe witwaje intwaro wa ADF ukomeje guhangana n’ingabo za Uganda zifatanyije na FARDC muri Ituri.

Dusubiye inyuma, mu mwaka ushize, nibura abantu 32 bishwe hagati ya tariki 20 na 21 Ukuboza mu duce twa Anyals na Walendu Watsi, muri teritwari ya Mahagi mu Ntara ya Ituri.

Bishwe mu mirwano yashyamiranyije imitwe ibiri ya CODECO na ZAIRE.

Mu gihe iyo mitwe ikomeje guhitana abantu benshi, Raporo y’Impuguke kuri Congo iheruka gushyikirizwa Akanama k’Umuryango w’Abibumbye, yahamije ko imitwe ya ADF na CODECO ikomeje kwagura ibikorwa byayo, ari nako ikomeza kugaba ibitero ku basivili.

Nibura ADF yonyine, bivugwa ko yishe abantu barenga 370 ndetse ishimuta abagera kuri 374, mu mwaka ushize wonyine.

Ku rundi ruhande, Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye rishinzwe uburenganzira bwa muntu, muri Kamena 2020 ryatangaje ko mu mezi umunani yari ashize, muri RDC hapfuye abasivili bagera mu 1,300, biciwe mu bikorwa bitandukanye by’imitwe yitwaje intwaro.

Nko muri Kivu y’Amajyaruguru ahabarwaga ko hishwe abasivili nibura 514 hakoreshejwe itwaro gakondo nk’imihoro, amashoka ndetse n’imbunda, FARDC ubwayo yashinjwe ko yishe abasivili 59 na ho polisi yica 24.

Ibyo bigaragaza ko mu gihe yakabaye ari yo icunga umutekano, FARDC igira uruhare mu kuwuhungabanya.

Abayobozi bari mu bashinga iyi mitwe

Umwe mu mitwe yakomeje kwica abaturage benshi muri Ituri, ni CODECO, washinzwe witwa ko ari koperative igamije guteza imbere Congo, dore ko witwa ‘Coopérative pour le développement du Congo’ mu Gifaransa.

Mu gihe Tshisekedi ako gace yagashyize mu bihe bidasanzwe bimaze igihe kinini, biheruka gutahurwa ko umwe mu bantu bari inyuma y’ibikorwa by’umutwe wa CODECO akaba n’Umugaba wawo, ari Perezida w’Inteko Ishinga Amategeko y’Intara ya Ituri, Siméon Tchombe.

Nk’uko ikinyamakuru Politico.cd giheruka kubitangazwa, Umuvugizi w’Ingabo za Congo (FARDC) muri Ituri, lieutenant-colonel Jules Ngongo, uyu muyobozi ngo uretse kuba yarashinze uyu mutwe, “ibitero byose by’uyu mutwe witwaje intwaro bibera mu rugo rwe.”

Uyu musirikare yakomeje ati “Niba uyu munsi ari Perezida w’Inteko Ishinga Amategeko, ni ku kiguzi cy’amaraso y’abaturage bacu.”

Yavuze ko muri make bakomeje gusana ibiba byangijwe n’uyu muyobozi n’umuryango we, mu gihe na we yumvikanye ashinja igisirikare kutubahiriza inshingano zacyo zo kugarura amahoro, “ahubwo ni ukwigwizaho imitungo.”

Uku kwitana ba mwana gukomeza kubaho ntihagire ukuryozwa, mu gihe mu cyumweru gishize abantu basaga 50 baguye mu mirwano yashyamiranyije imitwe yitwaje intwaro ya CODECO na Zaïre ndetse n’indi mitwe ikorera muri aka gace.

FARDC mu mikoranire n’imitwe yitwaje intwaro

Mu mirwano ikomeje guhuza Ingabo za Congo (FARDC) n’umutwe wa M23, ingabo za leta zishinjwa ko zifatanyije n’imitwe irimo ya FDLR ndetse haheruka gufatirwamo abarwayi bayo.

Barimo Adjudant Uwamungu Innocent wakoraga mu bunyamabanga bwa Général Pacifique Ntawunguka alias Omega, uyobora ishami rya gisirikare (FDLR-FOCA).

Yabajijwe impamvu bambaye impunzankano ya FARDC, niba koko bakorana.

Yakomeje ati "FARDC mu gihe cy’intambara turakorana. Nyatura na yo turakorana, tukanabaha imyitozo."

Undi ni Premier Soldat Safari Mbitse na we yavukiye muri RDC, ku buryo atigeze agera mu Rwanda.

We yabajijwe ahantu bakura ibikoresho bya gisirikare, ati "Ni FARDC ibiduhereza."

Ibyo byashimangiye ibyakomeje kuvugwa ko FARDC ikorana n’imwe mu mitwe yitwaje intwaro, haba mu bikorwa by’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro.

Iyo mitwe kandi yaka imisoro abaturage uko yishakiye ariko ugasanga ntabwo ingabo za Leta zishyira imbaraga mu kuyitsinsura.

Ni ibintu byakomeje kugarukwaho muri raporo z’impuguke guhera mu 2017.

Kugeza ubu intara ebyiri, Ituri na Kivu y’Amajyaruguru ziri mu bihe bidasanzwe, ku buryo abayobozi ba gisivili bakuweho bagasimbuzwa aba gisirikare, mu cyizere cyo guhashya imitwe yitwaje intwaro ihakorera.

Nyamara ibikorwa by’iyi mitwe byarakomeje, ahubwo bikagaragara ko ibikorwa by’umutekano muke bigirwamo uruhare n’ingabo za Leta zakabaye zibikemura.

Abaturage bo muri RDC bakomeje kwicwa ku bwinshi, abandi bagahunga