Itegeko Nshinga rya Repubulika y’u Rwanda ryo mu 2003 nk’uko ryavuguruwe mu 2015 kugeza ubu, ingingo yaryo ya 11, ivuga ko umuco nyarwanda ari isoko yo kwishakamo ibisubizo, ingingo ya 166 y’Itegeko rigenga abantu n’umuryango, yo ivuga uburenganzira bwo gushyingiranwa no kugira umuryango, aho igira iti “ugushyingiranwa k’umugore umwe n’umugabo umwe gukorewe mu butegetsi bwa Leta niko kwemewe.”

Muri iyi minsi ku mbuga nkoranyambaga havuzwe cyane inkuru z’abaryamana bahuje ibitsina, ibikorwa bihabanye n’ibikubiye mu ingingo ya 166 y’Itegeko rigenga abantu n’umuryango, kimwe mu bitangaje amatsinda y’abantu bamwe bisa nk’aho biyemeje gukora ubukangurambaga bwo gukangurira abandi ko kuryamana kw’abahuje ibitsina ari igikorwa gisanzwe ntawe ukwiye kubifata nk’aho ari ishyano ryaguye ndetse ko umuntu wese ubishaka yabijyamo ari iburenganzira bwe, ibyo bigakorerwa ubukangurambaga ku mugaragaro. Byanteye kwibaza niba mu Rwanda byaba byemewe ko ibikorwa bihabanye n’itegeko bikorerwa ubukangurambaga mu ruhame?

Haba kuri muri za Tweets, ibiganiro kuri YouTube na Twitter Space zakozwe, abantu batandukanye batanze ibitekerezo, muri abo hafi 98% ntibumvaga neza impamvu yo kwamamaza ibi bikorwa by’ababana bahuje ibitsina ku mugaragaro, barimo abagaragazaga ko ishyano ryaguye i Rwanda, abandi bagaragaza ko ibi bikorwa bihabanye n’umuco nyarwanda bitubahirije Itegeko Nshinga rya Repubulika y’u Rwanda yewe hari n’abataratinye kuvuga ko u Rwanda rugiye kwikururira akaga nk’ak’i Sodomu na Gomora.

Ku rundi ruhande hari abandi bantu bashima ibi gikorwa, bagaragaza ko u Rwanda rugeze ahashimishije mu kubahiriza uburenganzira bwa muntu kandi bagaragaza ko nta mpamvu yatuma ababana bahuje igitsina badahabwa uburenganzira kuko ntawe ukwiye kuzira uko yavutse.

Ese koko niko bavutse?

Mu nkubiri yakozwe n’abaharanira kw’abaryamana bahuje ibitsina n’abashakashatsi bo mu bice bitandukanye ku isi barimo Simon Levay, Dean Hamer, na Dr Alan Sanders bagerageje kwerekana ko imyitwarire y’ababana bahuje ibitsina ishingiye ku buryo bavutse muri theory yiswe “Born this way (Niko yavutse)" ariko bananiwe kwerekana mu buryo bwa siyansi akanyangingo gato kitwa "gene" kaba gafite amakuru y’iyi myitwarire yo gukunda guhuza ibitsina n’abantu mubihuje ku buryo byakwitwa ibyiyumviro karemano.

Iyi theory ya ‘Born this way’’ (niko yavutse) yavuzwe n’abahanga batandukanye barimo, Simon Compland, Nick Cohen, Linda Garnets na Anne Peplau, Jenny Graves n’abandi.

Umushakashatsi Nick Cohen avuga kuri iyi theory “Born this way (Niko yavutse)" yavuze ko ubushake bwo kuryamana n’uwo muhuje igitsina bushingira ku mahitamo n’uburere umuntu yahawe.

Mu bushakashatsi bwa Linda Garnets na Anne Peplau, bwagaragaje ko ibyiyumviro byo guhuza igitsina n’uwo mugihuje biterwa n’imyumvire ya sosiyete wabayemo, abo mubana, imibereho ubayemo, uburere wahawe, inyungu ubifitemo, umuco w’igihugu cyawe ndetse n’inyungu za politike.

Jenny Graves wo kuri Trobe University yo muri Australia, yagaragaje ko ubushake bwo guhuza igitsina n’uwo mugihuje idashingira ku miterere karemamo (gene) ahubwo ari ibyiyumviro umuntu yitoza akabirera bigakura. Asobanura ko nk’uko umuntu ashobora kuba imbata y’ibiyobyabwenge, imyizerere n’imyemerere, ni nako ashobora kuba imbata y’ibyiyumviro byo guhuza igitsina n’uwo bagihuje ariko ibi byiyumviro si karemano niyo mpamvu theory ya "Born this way" ari ikinyoma.

Bwaba ari ubukoroni bugezweho?

Mu nyandiko yiswe, Ubukoroni n’indangagaciro z’umuco nyafurika (Colonialism and African Cultural Values., African Journal of History and culture vol 3(6), pp 96-103, July 2011), umushakashatsi akaba n’umwanditsi, Benson O. Igboin, yavuze ko ingabo y’umutamenwa yatumye abakoroni badasibanganya burundu Abanyafurika nk’uko yari intego yabo, ari umuco nyafurika n’indangagaciro zawo.

Abakoloni batangajwe cyane n’uburyo inzira zose bakoresheje ngo basenye umuco nyafurika zananiranye, ubuzima bubi bwose Abanyafurika bacamo bushobora gutuma batakaza byose uretse umuco n’indangagaciro nyafurika.

Inzika ikomeye abakoloni basubiranye iwabo ni ugusiga badashoboye gutandukanya Abanyafurika n’imico yabo kandi bazi ko ishuri umwana yigiramo umuco ari umuryango, niyo mpamvu kugeza magingo aya abakoloni bakihisha mu bikorwa bitandukanye byaba ibyo gufasha, iby’uburenganzira bwa muntu ariko intego nyamukuru ari ugusenya umuco n’indangagaciro nyafurika bahereye mu gusenya umuryango.

Ninde ukwiye kubazwa ibi?

Itegeko rigenga abantu n’umuryango, rivuga ku kurengera umuryango aho rigira riti “Umuryango niwo shingiro kamere y’imbaga y’abanyarwanda, urengerwa na rubanda.", ingingo ya 36, ivuga uburenganzira ku biteza imbere umuco w’igihugu, ingingo ya 41, ivuga aho uburenganzira n’ubwisanzure bigarukira naho iya 47, ikavuga ku kurengera no guteza imbere umuco w’igihugu aho igira iti “Leta ifite inshingano zo kurengera no guteza imbere indangagaciro z’igihugu zishingiye ku mibereho no ku mitekerereze ndangamuco ndetse no ku biranga umuco w’igihugu muri rusange, mu gihe bitabangamiye uburenganzira bwa muntu, ituze rusange rya rubanda, n’imyifatire ndangabupfura.”

Itegeko Nshinga rya Repubulika y’u Rwanda ryo mu 2003 nk’uko ryavuguruwe mu 2015 kugeza ubu, cyane cyane mu mutwe waryo wa kabiri, mu ngingo ya 8, umutwe wa gatatu mu ngingo ya 11, umutwe wa kane mu ngingo ya 18,19,38 n’iya 41 n’umutwe wa gatanu mu ngingo ya 47, rigaragaza ko Leta ifite inshingano zo kurinda umuco no kuwuteza imbere, kurinda umwana n’urubyiruko ikintu icyo aricyo cyose cyahungabanya umwana mu mitekerereze, kubahiriza uburenganzira bwa muntu hirindwa icyahungabanya ituze rusange rya muntu, kubungabunga umuryango no kuwurinda icyawuhungabanya hibandwa cyane kuburenganzira bw’umwana n’umugore.

Birakwiye ko inzego za leta bireba, imiryango itari iya leta, imiryango ishingiye ku myemerere badakwiye gukomeza kurebera isenyuka ry’umuryango no guhonyorwa kw’ Itegeko Nshinga n’andi mategeko bikorwa ku mugaragaro.

Nk’uko biri mu Itegeko Nshinga n’andi mategeko, umuntu wese afite uburenganzira bwo kubaho uko ashatse ariko na none iyo iyi mibereho irenze we wenyine, ntiba ikibaye uburenganzira bwe wenyine ahubwo haba hakwiye no gutekerezwa ku burenganzira bw’abandi aha niho amategeko avuga ko aho uburenganzira bw’umuntu burangirira ko ari aho ubwa mugenzi we butangirira.

Umuntu ku giti cye ufite ibyiyumviro byo kuryamana n’uwo bahuje igitsina ni uburenganzira bwe, nta n’ukwiye kubimuziza, yemerewe kuba muri ubwo buzima ariko iyo bigeze ku kwamamaza ibikorwa by’ababana bahuje ibitsina biba byarenze uburenganzira bw’umuntu ahubwo byageze mu burenganzira bwo kurengera abana, umuco w’igihugu, indangagaciro z’abenegihugu, ibikorwa ndangabupfura n’amategeko.

Indirimbo yubahiriza igihugu, igice cya kabiri igira iti "Horana Imana murage mwiza ibyo tugukesha ntibishyikirwa, umuco dusangiye uraturanga, ururimi rwacu rukaduhuza, ubwenge umutima, amaboko yacu nibigukungahaze bikwiye nuko utere imbere ubutitsa."

Iki gice kigaragaza neza icyo buri Munyarwanda wese agomba gushyira imbere mu bikorwa bye bya buri munsi no mu burenganzira bwe mu nyungu z’igihugu: icya mbere ni ukumenya ko igihugu ari wo murage w’abenegihugu akaba ari na yo ngobyi ibahetse kandi inkingi zigize igihugu ni umuco (indangagaciro na kirazira) n’ururimi (Ikinyarwanda), iyo umuntu afite indangagaciro na kirazira z’umuco bimufasha kugira ubwenge, umutima ukunda igihugu n’amaboko yo kugikorera maze kikabona gutera imbere.

Ntibishoboka ko igihugu cyatera imbere mu gihe umuco n’ururimi byacyo byatakaye. Kandi hashingiwe ku ubivuzwe m mategeko twabonye hejuru no mu ndirimbo yubahiriza igihugu, ibikorwa by’abaryamana bahuje igitsina bibusanyije n’umuco nyarwanda n’itegeko nshinga rya RepubuLika y’u Rwanda.